Thursday, February 7, 2013

Light and Laser Acne Treatments: The Latest in Acne and Acne Scar Removal

Acne Causes

Acne vulgaris typically becomes a problem during adolescence when the body undergoes puberty. Hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands is one of the many changes that occur because of puberty. This leads to the secretion of excess sebum, a natural oil that, in normal quantities, moistens and protects the skin. If sebum cannot flow smoothly to the skin surface (due to excess production or follicle blockage), the dermis is injured. This damage to the dermis activates an inflammatory response that causes the lesions and redness associated with acne. If the canals have been clogged, this sebum backup also becomes a rich feeding ground for the proliferation of bacteria.

When acne is severe, the resulting demanding infections drain the natural components and structures of the skin. Areas affected by frequent acne infections develop deficiencies in essential skin components, making it difficult for the body to properly defend itself as well as heal.

Acne, due to the resulting inflammatory and immune response of the body, damages collagen and elastin proteins, severs the microvascular system and further destroys other important skin cells. If this response is not controlled or injury occurs deep within the dermal layer, it can cause scarring.

Acne typically causes two types of scarring. Atrophic scarring refers to those caused by a loss of tissue, appearing as divots or depressions in the skin. Since acne tends to damage and destroy skin components, atrophic scarring is more common than the second type. Although not as common, hypertrophic and keloid scars can also occur due to acne. Keloid and hypertrophic scars are characterized by an excess of connective tissue. This rapidly constructed connective tissue consists mainly of collagen. In both types of scarring, the normal functional tissue (skin) is replaced by connective tissue (scar) to close the wound.

New Acne Treatments

Light Therapy

Light therapy for acne (also known as phototherapy) works to reduce acne by removing the bacteria that causes acne - Propionibacterium acnes. High intensity blue light and pulsed light and head energy (LHE) are the two types of phototherapy currently being used to treat acne. Furthermore, LHE therapy shrinks sebaceous gland size, minimizing the amount of sebum produced.

Laser Acne Treatments

Even though lasers have been used in the medical field for more than 50 years now, they are just now being used for acne skin care. Now, there are two general types of laser acne treatments. One type is targeted at treating acne that kills the bacteria P. acnes and is proving successful in reducing sebum gland size, similar to light therapy. The second therapy is focused on removing the scars caused by it.

Laser skin resurfacing, the latter, eliminates skin layer by layer, effectively removing the topmost portion of scars. This controlled removal of skin also stimulates the body's healing processes and helps replace damaged skin with healthy, functional tissue. Additionally, the heat from the laser also tightens the skin, helping to smooth out scars. The lasers typically used in this type of treatment are the carbon dioxide laser or the Erbium: YAG.

Laser resurfacing works well on shallow scars as well as those that need to be smoothed out or tightened. For this reason, it often follows surgical scar procedures. Together, healing and final results usually take one year and a half.








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