Laser Hair Removal Surgery - How Does it Work?

Why Hair Removal Laser Surgery?

A treatment by laser produces permanent results relatively quickly. Unlike shaving or threading, once you get rid of the hair, it's gone for good. Laser treatment can be used to remove age spots and facial hair as well. The laser's energy turns into heat, thereby destroying the hair follicle but not harming the surrounding tissue. Once a hair follicle is destroyed, it never recovers or grows back. Removing hair with a laser was discovered over 2 decades ago. Since the mid nineteen nineties, laser hair removal surgery has become commercially available. The treatment is becoming wildly popular as of late. Prices are coming down and the technology becomes better.

How Does It Work?

The laser focuses on a tiny little area of tissue that is below the skin. The idea is to heat only the underlying tissue, where the hair follicle is located. The skin tissue on top is never heated. The energy of the laser is absorbed by so-called chromophores. Chromophores are parts of organic molecule that cause it to be colored. The color absorbs the laser's energy and it is released as heat. Laser hair removal safety is taken very seriously. For this reason, you will have to wear safety eyegear to protect your eyes from the laser. The doctor flashes the laser from a hand-held device for maximum mobility. There is some discomfort, but most people are able to endure it. Some people are more sensitive than others. For these people, a local anesthetic is available.

Laser Wavelengths Used To Achieve Results

The laser wavelengths that are used in laser hair removal surgery fall within a certain spectrum. They wavelengths can vary from visible light to radiation that borders on infrared. The wavelength of a laser is determined by the medium used to make them. Laser wavelengths are measured in nanometers (nm). The most common wavelengths used are Nd: YAG: 1064 nm, Pulsed diode array: 810 nm, Alexandrite: 755 nm, Ruby: 694 nm, Argon: 488 or 514.5 nm.

Not only does the wavelength affect the outcome, the length (in time) of the laser pulses also plays a role. For darker skins, longer pulsewidths are advised. Lasers can also have a certain width. The width is also a factor in the end results. You'd think the lasers are thin like a needle, but they are actually as wide as a baby's finger. The width of the laser must be around four times the depth of the target tissue. Yet another important aspect is the energy level of the laser. A laser's energy level is also called fluence. Then there is the repetition time between the laser shots. Firing two or more pulses at the same target can help heat it up in a way that it causes the least amount of damage to the surround tissue.

What Happens In The Target Tissue?

Laser hair removal surgery works by destroying the hair follicle that produces the unwanted hair. The surrounding tissue may not be harmed. If too much tissue is damaged, there will be injuries that can lead to scarring and irritation. Light is naturally absorbed by dark materials. Hair follicles have plenty of dark materials, chromophores, in and around them. The laser targets this dark center of the hair follicle and its heat is absorbed by it. Enough heat will eventually destroy the hair follicle. The chromophores that are targeted are either carbon, hemoglobin or melanin.

Carbon may be produced in the skin by smearing a carbon based lotion on the skin. The downside of this is that this that when YAG lasers target this carbon, there is a high risk of damaging surrounding tissue. Also, permanent hair removal is not accomplished by this method. For this reason, this method is now considered obsolete. Hemoglobin occurs in our bloodstream and is responsible for making our blood red. While this absorbs wavelengths from diode-, argon-, alexandrite- and ruby-lasers, it is not considered a primary target for laser hair removal surgery. Melanin occurs naturally in our skin and is responsible for giving our skin and the hairs in it their color. This chromophore is the main target for any modern treatments.

How Many Sessions Will You Need?

It depends on which area you want treated. Also, your gender plays a role. The thickness of your hair determines how long the treatment will take and therefore also affects the laser hair removal pricing. Certain areas of the body require more and longer treatments than others. Generally speaking, you will require anywhere from 3 to 6 sessions to make one area completely smooth.

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